The social psychology of groups by thibaut, john w. Outlining the explanation profit and loss the assumption that all social behaviour is a series of exchanges. Interdependence theory abstract as one of the classic theories of social psychology, interdependence theory has since its earliest formulation thibaut and kelley, 1959 addressed broad classic themes such as dependence and power, rules and norms, as well as coordination and cooperation. Jul 31, 2012 whilst the theory has its critics, it certainly has many proponents too, two of them being, thibaut and kelley 1959. This book drew inspiration from social exchange theory and game theory, and provided key definitions and concepts instrumental to the development of the interdependence framework. Interdependence theory was first introduced by harold kelley and john thibaut in 1959 in their book, the social psychology of groups. Ethnicity, interdependence and the investment model of. Although kelley and thibaut 1969 distinguished among several types of interdependence i. In levingers stage theory of relationships, people begin with a costbenefit analysis. After tying up the four family members in separate rooms, they blasted them with a shotgun to eliminate all witnesses. Pdf new developments in social interdependence theory. These social psychologists suggested four stages in the development of relationships in terms of the social exchange theory. Social exchange theory set is one the most influential conceptual paradigms in organizational behavior.
Kelley 19212003 and john walter thibaut 191786 in their book the social psychology of groups 1959 and developed in interpersonal relations. If one were to operationalize thibaut and kelleys earliest version of interdependence theory solely. Such information is provided by a socialpsychological framework that preceded evolutionary psychology. Social exchange theory thibaut and kelley, 1959 ao2. The exchange idea in relationships developed into interdependence theory kelley and thibaut, that posits that human interactions follow from degrees, symmetries, bases, and kinds of dependence.
Over the past decades, this theory has been extended, first by kelley and thibaut 1978 and then by others e. Thus, the theory represents a muchneeded model of the nature and implications of interdependence. The relevance of interdependence theory in the globalization age. Interdependence theory was first introduced by harold kelley and john thibaut in 1959 their book, the social psychology of groups definition for interdependence normal everyday language, edited. Interdependence theory can be viewed as a cognitive model of interpersonal behavior where interacting people have an effect on each others behavior and. In this chapter, we provide a history and overview of interdependence theory and discuss the primary features of the theory, including a the principle of. Individuals with a secure attachment style are low in both avoidance and anxiety.
This chapter focuses an interdependence analysis on intimate relationships in particular kelley, 1979. We present the results of three studies designed to provide evidence regarding the commitmentforgiveness link. Interdependence theory identifies the most important character istics of interper sonal. As one of the classic theories of social psychology, interdependence theory has since its earliest formulation thibaut and kelley, 1959 addressed broad classic themes such as dependence and power, rules and norms, as well as coordination and cooperation. Whilst the theory has its critics, it certainly has many proponents too, two of them being, thibaut and kelley 1959. Social exchange theory thibaut and kelley, 1959 by amirah. In this relational process, people interact and assess their needs, thoughts, feelings. Interdependence theory in social psychology iresearchnet. Johnson and johnson 1989 defined social interdependence as shared influence between two people. Social exchange theory and your relationships sam owens. Interdependence theory it is an important framework for understanding the processes of personal and social relationships including a central relationship in sportnamely, the coachathlete relationship. In my view, interdependence theory, as developed by.
Social exchange theory is a sociological and psychological theory that studies the social behavior in the interaction of two parties that implement a costbenefit analysis to determine risks and benefits. Social exchange theory thibaut and kelley, 1959 by. Correspondence predicts how smooth or conflictual an interaction will be. We present the results of three studies designed to provide evidence regarding the. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an. After establishing the differences between realism and complex interdependence, we shall argue that complex interdependence sometimes comes closer to reality than does realism. Interdependence theory was first introduced by harold kelley and john thibaut in 1959 in their book.
There are two types of social interdependence, positive cooperation and negative competition. To understand interdependence, it is helpful to first consider what it is not. Mbc component mcclintock motivation mutual noncorrespondent mbc outcome transformations pairs of outcomes partner pattern of interdependence person play ponents possible preferences prisoners dilemma problems properties prosocial. Social exchange theory set is one the most influential conceptual paradigms in organizational. The influence of expatriate spouses coping strategies on. Social interdependence an overview sciencedirect topics. Interdependence theory is a social exchange theory that states that interpersonal relationships. A theory of interdependence 1978, and kelley extended it further in an article in the journal of personality and social psychology in 1984.
One of the classic theories in the social and behavioral sciences is interdependence theory, originally developed by john thibaut and harold kelley 1959. Publication date 1959 topics social groups, interpersonal relations publisher new york. Dependence 939 1this term previously has been used by other. Specific situations present specific problems and opportunities, logically implying the relevance of specific motives and permitting their expression. Thibaut was professor of psychology at the university of north carolina until his death in 1986. Selfperception theory an overview sciencedirect topics. Interdependence theory advances a taxonomic model of situations, or a functional analysis of the. Hypotheses are presented, and future research is proposed. This theory comes from the idea that closeness is the key to all relationships. Generally speaking, a party can have at least three postures to. This 2 x 2 matrix is the central analytical device of john thibaut and harold kelleys social exchange theory. The concept of dependence is a key component of the theory. Interdependence theory and the investment model interdependence theory describes the ways in which the struc ture of outcome interdependence shapes motivation and behavior in dyads kelley, 1979.
Harold kelley and john thibaut developed interdependence theory over the course of 4 decades, beginning in the 1950s. A theory of interdependence 1978, and kelley extended it further in an article in the journal of personality and social. Pada dasarnya, manusia sebagai makhluk sosial selalu membutuhkan orang lain dalam menjalani kehidupannya. As a consequence, testsofthemodel,aswellasitsapplications,tendtorelyonanincompletely specifiedsetofideas.
Interdependence analysis of accommodation in developing a theoretical model of accommodation, it is important to begin by understanding the fundamental structure of the accommodative situation. Social interdependence theory deutsch, 1949a, 1949b, 1962. Interdependence theory is one of the few social psychological theories that provides a comprehensive analysis with a strong orientation toward conceptualizing interpersonal structure and processes kelley and thibaut, 1978. Interdependence theory presents a logical analysis of the structure of interpersonal situations, offering a conceptual framework in which interdependence situations can be analyzed in terms of six dimensions. Also, the theory involves economic relationships, it occurs when.
Interdependence theory vrije universiteit amsterdam. Positive interdependence theory in effective managercoach. Complex interdependence is a theory which stresses the complex ways in which as a result of growing ties, the transnational actors become mutually dependent, vulnerable to each others actions and sensitive to each others needs. Interdependence, interaction, and relationships vrije universiteit. New developments in social interdependence theory article pdf available in genetic social and general psychology monographs 14. It was first proposed by the us social psychologists harold h. Individual differences in prosocial behaviour are welldocumented. This chapter focuses an interdependence analysis on intimate relationships in. Doc the relevance of interdependence theory in the. Interdependence theory uses two formal tools to represent the outcomes.
Manusia hidup tidak sebagai mahluk tunggal atau individu melainkan sebagai bagaian dari sebuah komunitas atau masyarakat. When it does, traditional explanations of change in international regimes. Thibaut and kelleys 1959 interdependence theory initially focused on the mutual influence that relationship partners typically exert upon each others behavior rather than each others thoughts or feelings. Doc teori pertukaran sosial dan contoh kasus analisis. Interdependence theory is a social exchange theory that shows how the rewards and costs associated with interpersonal relationships collaborate with peoples expectations from them. To achieve this, we draw on interdependence theory thibaut and kelley, 1959 to assess the crossover effects westman and vinokur, 1998 between expatriates and their spouses as well as the mediating effects of expatriate adjustment on the relationship between. Interdependence, interaction, and relationships annual. Interpersonal relations a theory of interdependence. Interdependence theory is an impor tant antidote to this actorfocused bias.
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